Somatotipo y composición corporal en drogodependientes admitidos en un programa de deshabituación de drogas en la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Introduction: A prolonged and excessive consumption of drugs can cause alterations at a physiological level that affects the body composition and the anthropometric profile of the drug dependents, which the dishabituation program could help recover. Materials and methods: A study observational, longitudinal, conducted in Guayaquil, Ecuador. 34 individuals were recruited by convenience at the “Centro de Recuperación Integral de las Adicciones” (CRIAD). Inclusion criteria: being a drug dependent male; being at least 18 years old; agreeing to been evaluated by anthropometric measures and a signed informed consent form. Subjects with symptoms of dementia or psychosis, or those who presented cognitive impairment were excluded from the sample. To determine body composition was implemented the ISAK methodology. Somatotype was determined by Carter & Heath methodology. The standard deviation and variance with R program commander were used to verify the normality of the variables. Results: 34 men participants with a median age of 34.6 ± 10.85 years. They started up with a median weight of 82.0 ± 12.0 kg and increased to 85.5 ± 11.7 kg. The median BMI at the beginning was 27.4±3.7 and in the last measurement was 28.4±3.5 where mostly of the patients started and ended with overweight. All the skinfold incremented and as a result the body fat % incremented from 14.4±2.8 to 15.1±2.8 %. They started up with an Endomorphic Mesomorph somatotype 4.9 – 5.6 – 0.8 and ended up with a Mesomorph Endomorph somatotype 5.3 – 5.8 – 0.6. Conclusions: The gains in their BMI, fat mass, Σ skinfold thickness, and was considerable.