Caracterización clínica epidemiológica de pacientes con gonartrosis atendidos en el hospital Naval de Guayaquil durante el período 2017-2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Gonarthrosis is a degenerative, chronic inflammatory condition that affects the world population. It is estimated that 28% of the world population has osteoarthritis and 80% have limitations in their movements. In Ecuador there are no epidemiological data, but it is estimated that this pathology occurs between 45 and 50 years. In this pathology there are irregular areas of cartilaginous degeneration, more evident in pressure areas, with underlying bone sclerosis, subchondral cysts, marginal osteophytes, increased metaphyseal blood flow, and varying degrees of sinusitis. Materials and methods: This is a descriptive, observational, retrospective cross-sectional study carried out at the Hospital Naval de Guayaquil during the period 2017-2019. Made up of 449 patients with a diagnosis of knee osteoarthritis, which was determined that the sample required for the work was 291 patients. Results: It was determined in this study that it is more frequent in men over 40 years of age and increases the risk of suffering from this disease when presenting a body mass index (BMI)> 25. Conclusions: Overweight and obesity are an important risk factor in this disease because most patients with these factors had a grade II and III according to the Kellgren Lawrence scale, knowing that this can advance to grade IV if there is not a correct follow-up and treatment. Finally, we can conclude that among the metabolic risk factors, the most prevalent were Diabetes and Hypothyroidism, while in the cardiovascular risk factors, the most frequent was Hypertension, all these risk factors were more prevalent in women.