Prevalencia de las secuelas en pacientes con traumatismos craneoencefálico grave sometidos a craniectomía descompresiva en el Hospital General Guasmo Sur entre los años 2017-2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Head trauma is an injury at the level of the skull that has existed since the beginning of humanity. From the beginning of life, man knew that the skull was the vital organ of the body, which is why he dedicated himself to protecting it since, as it is vital, it is also the most vulnerable. The different types of injury that can occur in the skull have changed, due to the technological advance that has occurred in civilization. Objective: Know the sequels in patients with severe head trauma who underwent decompressive craniectomy at the Hospital General Guasmo Sur between the years 2017-2019. Methodology: A retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional and observational study was carried out. In which, the data was collected through the clinical records of the Hospital General Guasmo Sur. Results: Of the 119 patients who suffered head trauma, 34 were chosen who met the inclusion criteria. Among the different sequels that these craniectomized patients had, we found that 29.4% had brachiocrural hemiparesis, 20.6% of patients did not have any type of sequel, 17.6% died, 11.8% had a fistula of cerebrospinal fluid as a sequel, 8.8% were left with facial paralysis, 5.9% with pneumoencephalo as well as third nerve palsy. The most prevalent sequel being Brachiocrural Hemiparesis. Conclusion: With the study carried out, it can be concluded that performing decompressive craniectomy in patients with severe head trauma will result in some type of sequel in the patient; hemiparesis, which was the most frequent in our study, or death. However, you can find patients who do not present any type of sequel and have a good evolution.