Prevalencia de casos con dengue en pacientes pediátricos de 1 a 15 años en el hospital general Guasmo Sur durante el periodo enero 2017 a enero 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by Aedes aegypti. Most dengue cases are in children under 15 years of age. Dengue causes a spectrum of illnesses from mild fever to severe illness with plasma leakage and hypovolemic shock. Objective: To determine the prevalence of laboratory-confirmed dengue cases and alarm signs in pediatric patients aged 1 to 15 years admitted to the Guasmo Sur General Hospital during the period of January 2017 to January 2020. Methodology: Descriptive, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional study in patients 1 to 15 years of age with positive laboratory results for dengue and the presence of warning signs. Results: In the databases of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital in Guayaquil, 28 pediatric cases of dengue were reported between the years 2017 and 2020. Of the 28 patients with dengue, 19 (67.86%) presented alarm signs, 8 (28.57%) They did not present alarm signs and 1 (3.57%) patient presented severe dengue. All 28 patients had fever, 17 joint pain, 16 abdominal pain, 15 nausea / vomiting, 14 headache, 13 rash, and 11 bleeding. Conclusion: The Guasmo Sur General Hospital had a low prevalence of dengue, with a close percentage of genders with a high proportion of classic symptoms and fever in all patients, alarm signs in two thirds of them, and positive serological diagnosis in the most patients.