El rol de la mujer y la dinámica del crecimiento económico ecuatoriano durante el periodo 1993-2018.

Abstract

The present research aims to determine the impact of female economic participation in the Ecuadorian economic growth during the period 1993-2018, through a descriptive and correlational study. Through the compilation of available data on female economic participation, and with the use of the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), a model of simultaneous equations was designed to explain what type of relationship exists between the variables. Although the study concludes that within the rigor of the dimensions evaluated there is no statistically significant relationship between female economic participation and economic growth, in any case, it is significant to underline that the results only correspond to the period and the selected variables. The non-significance can also be attributed to the lack of information on female participation (in terms of education and employment) within the national statistics because this reality restricts any kind of research. From the extensive literary review on the subject, it was also found that economic theory supports human capital accumulation as an accelerator of growth, since integrating both genders means promoting the labor supply, productivity, income, savings, and even various demographic factors, thus promoting economic growth. For this reason, the participation of women should not be ruled out as certainly essential for the total optimization of human capital and labor participation, factors influencing economic growth.