Estudio retrospectivo del grado de espasticidad en niños con parálisis cerebral que asistieron a la Sociedad Ecuatoriana Pro-Rehabilitación de los Lisiados de la ciudad de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Infant cerebral palsy is characterized by symptoms such as spasticity, involuntary movements, lack of support, lack of balance, and decreased muscle mass. The objective is to determine the degree of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy who attended the Ecuadorian Society for the Rehabilitation of the Disabled. A retrospective study was carried out with a quantitative approach, descriptive scope, non-experimental cross-sectional design; for which the information from medical records, databases, and Tardieu scale was analyzed. Fifty children with cerebral palsy were taken as a sample. It was determined that the most frequent clinical form according to the predominant motor disorder was ataxic CP with 46%; in relation to gravity, 82%. Alterations in psychomotor development are represented by 50% who did not present gait, and 32% who did not present standing and sphincter control. Regarding the difficulties associated with cerebral palsy, they were: 100% vision disorders, 94% hearing disorders and 80% learning difficulties. Regarding the degree of spasticity, grade II obtained 44%; concluding that children with CP have a II percentage predominance of spasticity. Due to the results, a treatment guide based on the degree of spasticity in children with cerebral palsy was proposed.