Estudio comparativo entre los efectos y complicaciones del uso de dexametasona y betametasona en la maduración pulmonar en pacientes con amenaza de trabajo de parto pretérmino del Hospital Alfredo G. Paulson durante el año 2017.

Abstract

Background: Lung maturation is an essential process in patients with pre-term labors, corticosteroid therapy, either dexamethasone or betamethasone, is recommended to accelerate fetal lung development. Although the use of corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation has been widely studied, its use in pre-term fetuses remain controversial, since there are no randomized clinical studies in humans that allows us to understand the different complications corticosteroid therapy might cause. Objective: Describe the effectiveness of dexamethasone vs. betamethasone in reducing complications when used as fetal lung maturation therapy in women who had preterm labor in the Alfredo G. Paulson Hospital during the year 2017. Methods: We utilized the electronical clinical charts from the AS400 system and paper clinical charts from the Statistics Department from the Alfredo G Paulson Hospital for an observational and analytical cohort study. The initial Research included a population of 2244 patients from the year 2017 and were then reduced to a sample of 95 patients. Results: Dexamethasone was the drug most utilized within the hospital for women who needed fetal lung maturation. One of the most common complications was Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome with an incidence of 64.21% When Betamethasone was used, a 6.14% reduction in the need of surfactant was seen. The patients who received dexamethasone had less need for assisted ventilation. Conclusion: No significant differences were found in relation to complications, use of surfactant or ventilatory support between both corticosteroids for fetal lung maturation.