Comparación de la eficacia en la reconstrucción mamaria con colgajo dorsal ancho vs tram pediculado en pacientes postmastectomizados por cáncer de mama en el hospital de Solca Guayaquil del periodo 2010 - 2019.

Abstract

Background: Breast reconstruction constitutes an important part of the practice of many doctors in what corresponds to plastic-reconstructive surgery, although there are numerous techniques, in the present study it will refer to the TRAM technique and the latissimus dorsal flap, both techniques applied to postmastectomized patients after breast cancer. Materials and Methods: This research has a type of observational research, retrospective - longitudinal type and has a descriptive - explanatory approach. It has a research design that refers to a case study of postmastectomized patients who have resorted to immediate and late breast reconstruction using the latissimus dorsi flap or pedicled TRAM technique, with different comorbidities, corresponding to the period between 2010 and 2019. Results: Of 49 breast reconstructions, 26 with latissimus dorsi and 23 with Tram. Regarding cancer staging, the highest prevalence was observed in stage IIB, then it was confirmed that the average surgical time of the latissimus dorsi is 2-3 hours with 57.7%, while in the Tram flap it is 4-5 hours with 65.2 % and later, in relation to complications, the highest number was presented in the Tram flap with 43.5%, being 17.4% of these dehiscences, while in the latissimus dorsal flap there were 30.8% complications, being 23.1% of these, seromas from the donor area. Conclusions: The latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap presented very few complications, in addition to a shorter surgical time and a shorter hospital stay compared to the TRAM flap.