Anorexia y bulimia nerviosa en la práctica del odontopediatra. Revisión sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: A lot of adolescents suffer from an eating disorder worldwide. It’s more common in young women (95%) between 12 and 25 years old. The objective of our study is to highlight the importance of a clinical examination of the oral cavity to register oral manifestation which is useful when establishing a timely diagnosis of AN and BN due to their early beginning of symptoms, it’s mainly of interest to pediatric dentists. Methodology: A systematic review was done on case reports and case series of patients with anorexia and bulimia nervosa. After evaluating the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a sample of 112 articles were obtained, in which 194 patients were evaluated. Results: Of the 194 patients the most prevalent diagnosis was restrictive type AN (n=112; 57.73% ). Of the total sample, only 8.25% (n=16) of patients were clinically examined in the mouth indicating the presence or absence of oral manifestations, and of these, the most frequent was dental erosion (n=10). Conclusion: It is necessary that any abnormality in the oral cavity be recorded during the case report of anorexic and bulimic patients. In this way, its relevance and prevalence in literature is established and it becomes complementary bases for the early and timely diagnosis of these disorders. This is true especially for the pediatric dentist, since as we observed in this review of literature, the age of onset of symptoms and even diagnosis of these disorders are during the second decade of life which directly coincides with the age group of patients that he cares for.