Tratamientos para la regeneración de defectos intraóseos periodontales. Revisión de la Literatura.

Abstract

Introduction: Periodontitis causes loss of bone tissue, leading to periodontal intrabony defects. There are a variety of regenerative materials and treatments for this defect, which promote treatment efficacy. Objective: To analyze and determine the types of regenerative treatments for periodontal intrabony defects. Materials and methods: A total of 36 scientific articles were selected, where 29 articles were worked to obtain results. The present literature reviews selected articles that were randomized, controlled or uncontrolled clinical trials, and cohort studies published from 1995 to the present year. The search sources for the scientific articles were provided through the UCSG virtual library, Pubmed, Cochrane, Google Scholar. Results: Of the reviewed scientific evidence, 10.34% refer that the mesial and distal surfaces are the ones that most present periodontal intrabony defects; while 24.14% indicate that the predominant risk factor is the hygiene factor; 27.59%, 24.14%, 20.69% and 24.14% of the literature exposes membranes and active biomaterials and their combinations as regenerative materials, showing a favorable result in gain at the clinical insertion level and in bone gain respectively, while 6.90% indicate that MIST and RTG are the predominant treatments; 17.24% of the literature shows favorable results at the level of clinical insertion, obtaining it through the periodontal maintenance program. Conclusion: Performing a treatment for intrabony defects generates good changes in the insertion apparatus.