Uso de fibrina rica en plaquetas para mejorar la cicatrización en cirugía aplicada a la Odontología.

Abstract

Introduction: Physiological processes in tissue healing have a constant release of growth factors. PRF (Plasma rich in fibrin), being a platelet concentrate, promotes and potentiates tissue regeneration, being used more and more frequently in exodontic procedures. Purpose: Several clinical studies discuss the effect of PRF on post-extraction hard and soft tissues. The purpose of this systematic review is to collect the level of scientific evidence and to analyze whether the use of PRF improves healing in surgery applied to dentistry. Materials and methods: The present study is a cross-sectional, retrospective, qualitative approach with a descriptive non-experimental design, and was carried out by searching for scientific articles in Pubmed, Science direct, Cochrane, Web of science, Embase. Out of 326 studies, 37 articles were selected for analysis and data collection. Results: When comparing the research studies, better epithelial healing was obtained in the PRF group versus the control group. Bone formation was significantly higher for the PRF group (50.29%) compared to the control group (29.51%). Post extraction morbidity decreased in the PRF group, and the control group did not present significant reduction. There were no significant complications with the application of PRF, except for the report of alveolitis (1.48%), while the control group reported cases of: alveolitis (6.95%), infection (0.83%) and dehiscence (16.65%). Among the dental applications of PRF, we found the following areas: oral surgery (33.33%), implantology (21%), periodontics (25%), endodontics (17%) and orthodontics (4%). Conclusion: It could be evidenced in the studies that the application of PRF as an autologous biomaterial does not present an adverse reaction, on the contrary, it is a promoter of the physiological healing response in oral surgery procedures.