Efectividad del colgajo de Bola Adiposa de Bichat frente a comunicaciones bucosinusales inmediatas. Revisión Sistemática.

Abstract

Abstract: Oroantral communications (OAC) is a pathological condition characterized by a solution of continuity between the oral cavity and the maxillary sinus as a consequence of the loss of hard tissues (tooth and maxillary bone) and soft tissues (oral and antral mucosa). The treatments for OAC consist of surgical closure of the defect, the techniques regularly used are the vestibular flap, the palatal flap and the Buccal fat flap. Objective: To analyze the effectiveness of the Buccal fat flap in the management of oroantral communications, developing the clinical characteristics that dental complication presents. Materials and methods: A systematic review of the qualitative, retrospective, cross-sectional type, descriptive and analytical design, and deductive method was carried out. In which we proceeded to search for articles of scientific relevance in metasearch engines. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied until reaching 44 scientific articles. Results / Discussion: The tooth with the highest risk of communication is the upper first molar with 48%, prevailing the mesiobuccal root. The Bichat adipose ball flap is an accessible technique, with minimal dissection and has a high degree of vascularization and it has a low rate of infections. In addition, it has an easy epithelialization that does not tend to lose vestibular height, which does not interfere with future prosthetic treatment. Conclusions: To choose any of these techniques, the characteristics of the complication, size, position, advantages and disadvantages of the technique must be taken into account.