Incidencia de neumonía intrahospitalaria asociada a la ventilación mecánica en la UCI en un hospital general de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Ventilator-associated pneumonia (MVAN) is the leading cause of death in ICU patients due to hospital-acquired infections, with a worldwide incidence of between 9% and 80%. The present study aimed to determine the incidence of Intra-hospital Pneumonia associated with Mechanical Ventilation in the ICU in a General Hospital of Guayaquil, the type of study is descriptive, cross-sectional, quantitative, prospective, the sample was 890 patients, the instrument: matrix for data collection. Results: the incidence of MVAN was determined in 26.96%, in patients between 17 and 70 years of age, male (55.8%) and female (44.2%), all of the mixed ethnicity. with provenances: Guayaquil (41.3%), Milagro (27.1%), Durán (11.31%), Playas de Villamil (12.5%), and other places (7.9%); Furthermore, patients with MVAN reported having primary (29.2%), secondary (49.2%), third level (13.3%), and postgraduate (8.3%) education. Pseudomonas aeruginosa (43.3%) were identified, followed by Staphylococos aureus (39.2%) and Enterobacter aerogenes (17.1%); and the risk factors were Surgery (14.2%), use of Antimicrobials (17.1%), use of respiratory equipment (29.2%) and sinusitis (39.6%). Finally, the complications of MVAN were established: cardiovascular (23.3%), nosocomial infections (33.3%), and venous thromboembolism (43.3%). Conclusions, there is a potential incidence of MVAN of 26.96%, in patients with different sociodemographic characteristics, where some bacteria, risk factors, and the most frequent complications were determined.