Prevalencia del síndrome de abstinencia en pacientes de la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales en el Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante.

Abstract

Neonatal withdrawal syndrome (SAN) is a group of problems that occurs in a newborn who was exposed to opiate addictive drugs for a period of time while in the mother's womb. Objective: To determine the prevalence of withdrawal syndrome in patients from the neonatal intensive care unit at Hospital del Niño Dr. Francisco Icaza Bustamante, Population 40 cases from October 2020 to February 2021. Methodology: descriptive, quantitative, prospective, cross-sectional. Technique: Direct observation applying the Lipsitz scale, Instrument: direct observation guide, information collected from medical records. Results: It shows the prevalence of Withdrawal Syndrome in the NICU area from October 2020 to February 2021 with a prevalence of 20% of 200 patients hospitalized in the NICU area of a total of 40 newborns. Regarding the characterization of neonates, male sex, especially in the age of 0 to 7 days of life, being the mestizo ethnic group more common, most of the cases occurred in pre-term patients from 34 to 36 weeks and with respect to 48% of the weight between 1001g and 1500g considered low birth weight is attributed to stimulant drugs. Conclusions: The consumption of drugs and medications during pregnancy is an abuse, the cause of the withdrawal syndrome after birth, which causes the presentation of clinical manifestations and subsequent psychological and / or physical complications.