Prevalencia de fístulas palatinas en pacientes pospalatoplastia en la Fundación Rostros Felices periodo 2016-2019.

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to estimate the prevalence of palatal fistulas in patients undergoing palatoplasty, and to establish whether there is a relationship between the presence of fistulas and the patient's sex, socioeconomic status, type of cleft, age and weight of the patient at primary palatoplasty, and oral hygiene. Method: Retrospective, transversal, observational, and analytical study. The object of study were patients with postpalatoplasty palatal fistula at the Fundación Rostros Felices (Happy Face Foundation) from 2016 to 2019.Results: A total of 120 palatoplasty patients were studied, of which 35 developed palatal fistulas. The prevalence of palatal fistula was 28.7%. The variables which presented statistical significance were: the age ( p = 0.02), oral hygiene (p <0.0001) and low socioeconomic status (p = 0.003). When relating the variables sex and weight with the development of the fistula, a value of p = 0.63, and a value of p = 0.095 were obtained respectively. Conclusion: The prevalence of FP in this study was 28.7%. Risk factors for fistula formation were age at the time of palatoplasty, weight at the time of palatoplasty, oral hygiene and socioeconomic status. The most important factor is low socioeconomic status, since the other factors occur as a consequence of its presence. That is why it is recommended to train rural doctors and dentists to educate family members so that they can provide timely treatment with better follow-up and optimal results.