Incidencia de las Intoxicaciones en el Hospital del Niño "Dr. Francisco de Ycaza Bustamante", Junio de 2003 a Mayo 2006, Guayaquil-Ecuador

Abstract

Poisoning is a serious health risk and a major public health concern that affects our society and one of the leading causes for admitting patients to the Emergency Room (ER). The more important objective is to inform the incidence of the intoxications in the pediatric hospital “Dr. Francisco de Ycaza Bustamante” during the period of study between 2003 -2006, by age, sex, procedence and more frequent toxic in our city. The method of collection of data for this study follows the logical methodology of an exploratory type of study, descriptive, observational, longitudinal, with chosen variants like age, sex and the origin of the poisoning or intoxication that were taken from secondary sources that are properly documented with the clinical history of the nine hundred and seventy eight (978) cases during a period of time from 2003 through 2006. The processed information and the tabulation of the results are shown on the statistical graphic. The pediatric population incidence informa- tion that was collected during this three years of the study at the Dr. Francisco de Ycaza Bustamante Hospital, pertaining to poisoning patients was 25,2%. About the age relationship the study concludes that most affected group is pre-schooled children ages 0 to 4 with 70% of the total cases, in relation with sex incidence there is no difference in this variant with 50% male and 49% female. In the analysis about poisoning origin the study concludes that the affected group is 80% from urban background, 9% rural incidence and 11% suburban. Prevention plans must be design and made available to the public. Another important information that must be shared to the entire population is the existence of Toxicologic Information Center (CITOX). Regarding the etiology of the involuntary intoxications it was 87%, the patients that were identify as suicide attempts were 7%. The most common toxic substance used was an organophosphorated pesticide 44%. The most frequent intoxica-tion mechanism is oral ingestion 96%, with medicines without a medical prescription being the most common abuse substance with this mechanism at 21% and house whole substances at 20%. It is recommended to let the community know the effort that CITOX is doing, their telephone number is 2451022. This center offers primary assessment, interpersonal medical attention, community technical assessment and professional if needed.