Factores asociados a secuelas y mortalidad en ictus isquémico en pacientes de 40 – 80 años en el hospital general Guasmo Sur durante el año 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Worldwide, stroke is de second cause of mortality, surpassed only by the ischemic cardiopathy and causing up to 10% of deaths globally. Stroke is one of the main causes of morbidity, being the third cause of disability in the world. It can be classified in ischemic and hemorrhagic, being the ischemic stroke the responsible of up to 80% of all the cases. Multiple factors are associated with stroke and its complications. In Ecuador studies have been developed about the mortality of this disease, but not about the relation between previous medical illnesses of the patients and the mortality and complications of stroke. General objective: To identify the factors associated with the presence of sequelae and mortality of ischemic stroke in patients 40- to 80-year-old treated at the Guasmo Sur General Hospital during 2019. Methodology: A transversal study was carried out. It included 119 patients treated at the Guasmo Sur General Hospital during 2019 with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke. A P value <0.05 was used. To stablish the level of association we calculated the Odds Ratio with a 95% Confidence Interval. The software used was Jamovi version 1.6.16.0. Results: A relation was found between mortality with previous stoke history (OR= 3.21, P= 0.029, CI= 1.17 – 8.7) and with diabetes (OR= 3.56, P= 0.018, CI= 1.19 – 10.7). Also, a relation was found between sequelae with arterial hypertension (OR= 2.95, P= 0.040, CI= 1.02 – 8.55), and with obesity (OR= 4.74, P= 0.032, CI= 1.02 – 22.0). The significance of these results was diminished by the small size of the study population. Conclusion: A probable association was found between mortality with a history of stroke and diabetes mellitus. On the other hand, a probable relationship was found between the presence of sequelae and arterial hypertension and obesity