Incidencia de EPOC en pacientes con tabaquismo atendidos en consulta externa de Neumología del Hospital General Monte Sinaí. Período 2019-2020.

Abstract

COPD is a treatable and highly preventable chronic respiratory disease, with tobacco consumption being the main risk factor for its development. Objective: to determine the incidence of COPD in a population with tobacco addiction as well as to know its sociodemographic characteristics and its smoking habit. Methodology: A descriptive, analytical and observational cross-sectional and retrospective study was carried out. Results: The incidence of COPD in patients with smoking was 68%, most of the patients with smoking were male, 40 to 69 years old, of urban origin, married marital status, independent workers, with complete primary education. 59% of patients are active smokers, with consumption time between 21 to 30 years, with a smoking rate of 10 to 20 packs a year. Of the 83 patients with a diagnosis of COPD, 75% had mild and moderate COPD and a significant difference (p<0.05) was found between the patients with COPD and without COPD in the age variables (64 vs 56 years.) , years of consumption (29 vs 21 years), number of cigarettes per day (15.5 vs 7.33), smoking index (22 packs / year vs 7.78 packs per year). In the chi-square test, a relationship was found between the presentation and severity of COPD with the longest time of consumption of tobacco products and with the highest smoking index. Conclusion: The incidence of COPD in the population studied is high and there is a significant relationship between the presentation and severity of COPD with age, smoking rate and time of use of tobacco products.