Utilidad diagnóstica del índice predictivo de asma modificado para el desarrollo de asma bronquial en escolares y adolescentes entre 7 y 17 años atendidos en el Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde en el período enero 2017 - diciembre 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: The Asthma Predictive Index (API) was developed in 2000, later modified in 2004, and since then there have been many studies that validate it, however its use in clinical practice is limited. The Predictive Asthma Index meets all the aforementioned requirements, so its use could be universal, detecting early patients with bronchial asthma. Methods: An observational, retrospective, crosssectional, and analytical study was carried out. All patients with a presumptive diagnosis of bronchial asthma who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria attended at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period January 2017 - December 2018 were included in the study. Results: A total of 54 patients were found. 50% of the patients in the study had at least one parent with an allergic history. Among the allergic manifestations, 31 patients have a confirmed diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (57.5%), sensitization to some aeroallergen (38.8%), and eosinophilia ≥ 4% (37%), food allergies (27.7%). For the IPA, a sensitivity and specificity of 85.29% and 90%, respectively, were obtained. For the positive and negative predictive value, 93.55% and 78.26% were obtained, respectively. Conclusions: The IPA showed modest sensitivity results, a negative result does not rule out the development of asthma, but the index continues to be a useful test in the prediction of patients who will develop asthma, it is simple, objective and easy to interpret.