Paracetamol intravenoso versus ibuprofeno oral en el tratamiento de conducto arterioso persistente en neonatos pretérminos del Hospital Roberto Gilbert Elizalde 2017-2018.

Abstract

Introduction: The persistent arterial duct is a defect in the provisional blood vessel that communicates the left pulmonary artery to the aorta in the heart of the newborn is not closed after birth, complications associated with the lack of closure include prolonged assisted ventilation, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, pulmonary hemorrhage, necrotizing enterocolitis, intraventricular hemorrhage, among others. Objective: To compare the use of intravenous paracetamol versus oral ibuprofen in the treatment of persistent arterial duct in preterm infants of Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital during the 2017-2018 period Materials and Methods: A study was carried out with a quantitative approach of an observational, analytical character in retrospect with a transversal measurement in the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital during the 2017-2018 period Results: The current investigation worked with a total of 97 preterm neonatal patients hospitalized at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period 2017-2018, of which 53.6% were female and the remaining 46.4% male. Of these patients, 80.41% received intravenous Paracetamol treatment, while 19.59% received oral Ibuprofen as a treatment for patent ductus arteriosus. The rate of absence of complications with the use of paracetamol was 100% in contrast to ibuprofen, where it is observed that the same rate was 89.5%, while in 10.5% of the patients in whom ibuprofen was administered if it presented complications (necrotizing enterocolitis). The catheterization requirement rate in patients treated with paracetamol was 5.1% in contrast to oral ibuprofen, which presented a rate of 10.5%. Conclusions: Patent ductus arteriosus occurs more frequently in female patients, with a gestational age between 30-33 weeks and weighing less than 1 kilogram. Reflecting that the lower gestational age and birth weight in neonates, the diagnosis of patent ductus arteriosus is much more frequent. Likewise, the patients treated with intravenous paracetamol did not present complications or side effects during its administration, while the patients in whom oral ibuprofen was administered, development of necrotizing enterocolitis was evidenced in 10.5% of neonates, as well as lower efficacy of closure of patent ductus arteriosus as they required a higher percentage of pathology resolution with interventional catheterization.