Prevalencia de complicaciones de anemia drepanocítica en pacientes menores de 18 años de edad atendidos en el Hospital de Niños “Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde” en el período enero 2015 - diciembre 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: Sickle cell anemia is a hematological disorder characterized by a defective hemoglobin that modifies the shape of the red blood cell. It is estimated that 300,000 children are born with this disorder each year and will reach 400,000 children per year by 2050. The severity of the complications and their prevalence can vary greatly both from one individual to another, XI and from one region to another due to the strong genetic influence. There is a scarcity of studies regarding the prevalence of sickle cell complications in the pediatric population, so the objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of complications in patients with sickle cell anemia in patients between 3 and 18 years of age. Methods: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study was carried out in which all patients with a diagnosis of sickle cell anemia who met the inclusion criteria attended at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital in the period January 2015 - December 2018 were included. Results: Of the 282 patients identified with a diagnosis of sickle cell disease, 126 of them (44.6%) presented complications during the 3 years of the study period. As a result, an annual prevalence of 14.8% of complications is obtained in patients with this diagnosis. Conclusions: The prevalence of complications in patients with sickle cell anemia is high, and most of the patients visit emergency services and require hospitalization for the management of painful vaso-occlusive crises.