Prevalencia de virus respiratorios detectados por ADN/PCR en niños con infección respiratoria aguda hospitalizados en Hospital Roberto Gilbert año 2019.

Abstract

Background: Acute lower respiratory tract infections (AKI) include clinical entities such as bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia, bronchoalveolitis, coqueluchoid syndrome, bronchitis, tracheobronchitis and pneumonia, among others. Viruses are the main cause of these infections. The epidemiology of viruses varies widely from one country to another, and differences can even be observed within the national territory itself considering the seasonality of the viruses. There are few studies in Ecuador that describe the epidemiology of presentation of respiratory viruses that cause acute respiratory infections that warrant hospital admission in children. Methods: An observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out, collecting results of the quantitative analysis of the polymerase chain reaction for respiratory viruses processed in the Molecular Biology laboratory of the Roberto Gilbert Hospital in 2019. Results: It was carried out in 2019 A total of 487 nasopharyngeal swabs, a total of 362 positive tests and 96 negative tests were found. According to the results obtained, the most prevalent virus is Rhinovirus (HRV) in 25%, in second place the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) with 24%, in third place Influenza type A with 14%. Of the total of 362 patients studied, coinfections (viral / bacterial) occur in 30% of the patients. Conclusions: Rhinovirus together with respiratory syncytial virus are the most common viral etological agents in patients hospitalized for acute respiratory infections at Hospital Roberto Gilbert 2019.