Alteraciones nutricionales en gestantes adolescentes que asisten a un Centro de Salud de la ciudad de Guayaquil año 2020.

Abstract

Nutritional alterations occur during pregnancy, as there is no adequate care, problems arise in maternal and child health. Objective: To determine the nutritional alterations in adolescent pregnant women. Design: descriptive, quantitative, prospective, transversal. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Population: 45 pregnant adolescents. Results: Sociodemographic characteristics: 17 to 19 years old (49%), single (60%), secondary education (62%), urban origin (100%), housewife (42%), living with their parents (64%), primiparas (78%), threatened abortion (58%), 1 to 2 prenatal check-ups (31%) from 26 to 37 weeks of gestation (71%), normal weight (49%). Biological factors: food selection according to taste (38%), never physical activities (58%), anxiety in consumption (51%). Sociocultural factors: interest in food according to its taste and delicacy (67%). Economic factor: monthly income of $ 100 to $ 300 (100%), daily expense less than $ 2 (100%). Nutritional disorders: diabetes (18%) and bulimia (9%). Discussion: Montaño, highlights that 46% of pregnant women have anemia and 32% diabetes, while Montesino points out that 61% had anemia. Conclusion: Regarding the conclusion, we can state that among the nutritional alterations that occur more frequently in pregnant women, bulimia and diabetes stood out, which can be risky for the development of pregnancy; therefore, it is necessary to modify the influencing factors, in order to meet the nutritional needs of this stage and achieve a risk-free pregnancy at term.