Frecuencia de preeclampsia en pacientes de 20 – 35 años atendidas en un consultorio de cardiología del Hospital Universitario Guayaquil.

Abstract

Preeclampsia is a progressive and irreversible multi-organ disease characterized by decreased perfusion of the target organ. Objective: to determine the frequency of pre-eclampsia in patients between 20 and 35 years old attended in a cardiology office of the Guayaquil University Hospital. Methodology: Level: Descriptive; Method: Quantitative, Retrospective; Design: Transversal. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Data collection matrix. Population: 61 pregnant women. Results: The frequency of preeclampsia in patients aged 20-35 years was gestational hypertension 41%, preeclampsia 34%; Mild preeclampsia 16% and severe preeclampsia 8% presented during January 2020 to December 2020. Based on the sociodemographic characteristics, the patients were between 20 and 25 years old, 44%, being their mixed race 75%, with secondary education level 82 %; of origin 77% of the coast. Among the clinical manifestations, 82% had severe headache, 70% dyspnea; 64% edema and 38% proteinuria. While pre-existing pathologies: arterial hypertension appeared in 31%, anemia 25%, diabetes mellitus 7% and urinary tract infections 3%. Conclusions: Preeclampsia is one of the conditions caused by arterial hypertension that is often due to inadequate control of it, therefore, it is necessary that there is follow-up of the patient in order to maintain adequate blood pressure levels in every prenatal checkup.