Prevalencia de tuberculosis infantil en niños menores de 15 años en el Hospital Francisco de Icaza Bustamante 2018-2020.

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of tuberculosis in the child population at the Francisco de Icaza Bustamante Hospital in the city of Guayaquil in the period between 2018 and 2020 Materials and Methods: This research work is of a retrospective, longitudinal, descriptive type that was carried out in the HFIB of the city of Guayaquil in pediatric patients with a diagnosis of tuberculosis who met the inclusion criteria. The information obtained is from medical records, reports of laboratory tests, and images. Results: From a total of 824 patients treated by the infectious area at the HFIB during the 2018-2020 period, 126 cases were confirmed. This number represents a prevalence of 15% in children under 15 years of age treated in the hospital by that period of years Conclusion: The high prevalence of childhood tuberculosis found in this study shows that this pathology represents a serious health problem for children, considering that 56% of those affected had an epidemiological link with a family member diagnosed with TB or with suggestive clinical picture and chest images for this disease. There are no differences important in relation to sex, it was evidenced a predominance of 78% Tuberculosis pulmonary vs 22% extrapulmonary and a wide distribution above 20% in all the age groups studied, with greater affectation in those under 5 years of age than they accumulate 54% of all cases.