Hidrocefalia secundaria a cierre de espina bífida en neonatos atendidos en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante durante los años 2017 al 2020.

Abstract

Myelomeningocele is defined as a defect in the closure of the neural tube, which causes a malformation in the vertebral column and spinal cord (3). Hydrocephalus associated with this disease is common, since around 80% of pediatric patients with myelomeningocele progress to hydrocephalus, in most cases the consequence of a herniation at the level of the rhomboencephalon called: Chiari type II malformation (1) . This type of neural tube malformation affects a significant percentage of pediatric patients in our country, so it is important to know the presentation of cases that develop hydrocephalus secondary to corrective surgery for spina bifida. Corrective surgery should be performed as early as possible, taking the first 48 hours of the newborn's life as a margin in the absence of added complications. One thousand sixty-five (1065) pediatric patients were treated by the pediatric neurosurgery service of the Icaza Bustamante Hospital, during the years 2017 to 2020, estimating a prevalence of spina bifida at 6.38%. Of 68 patients who presented the diagnosis, 97.1% underwent surgery in a postnatal stage, and of this group 95.5% developed secondary hydrocephalus. A high frequency rate has been established in terms of the appearance of hydrocephalus as a consequence of the procedure, which is why it is concluded that there is a significant relationship between the presence of postnatal corrective surgery and the development of hydrocephalus.