Alteraciones microvasculares de la retinopatía diabética, como factor predictor de afectación renal en pacientes que acudieron al Hospital Naval Guayaquil durante el periodo 2016-2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Poor control and untimely diagnosis of DM will cause a state of hyperglycemia and over the years will cause serious damage to organs and systems, highlighting the involvement of the renal and retinal microvasculature. Both renal symptoms and retinal involvement tend to occur simultaneously. Therefore, the manifestations in diabetic retinopathy could contribute to the diagnosis and staging of renal involvement. Objective: To detect the microvascular alterations of diabetic retinopathy as a predictor of renal involvement in patients who attended the Hospital Naval Guayaquil during the period 2016-2020. Methodology: A prevalence study was carried out that represents an observational, descriptive cross-sectional design in which 82 patients with a diagnosis of DM who presented ophthalmic and renal involvement were included in a non-randomized manner, treated at the Hospital Naval de Guayaquil and the International Clinic of the Vision of Ecuador. Results: The analysis of frequencies of retinal microvascular lesions according to the severity strata of chronic kidney disease, revealed that 44% of patients in the first stage presented exudates, 22% double mixed lesions and the rest did not visualize lesions due to medium of angiography. Conclusion: Patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy have a more serious effect on their renal function compared to non-proliferative patterns, however, macular edema has no relationship or effect on this function.