Factores de riesgo asociados a termorregulación en recién nacidos prematuros con muy bajo peso en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales del Hospital General Guasmo Sur, desde el año 2018 hasta el año 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal hypothermia is classified by the World Health Organization in 3 stages according to core temperature, prognosis and required action. These stages include cold stress: 36.0 to 36.4 ° C, moderate hypothermia: 32.0 to 35.9 ° C, and severe hypothermia: <32.0 ° C. The importance of neonatal temperature and its relationship to maternal temperature will be discussed, as well as strategies to maintain neonatal normothermia after delivery. Objective: To describe the clinicalepidemiological characteristics and risk factors associated with thermoregulation in premature newborns with very low weight in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital from 2018 to 2020. Methodology: Quantitative, observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, in premature newborns who were cared for in the NICU of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital between 2018 and 2020. Conclusions: It was found that in the neonatal intensive care unit of the Guasmo Sur general hospital between 2018 and 2020, 77 preterm infants with very low birth weight were cared for. 51.9% male patients, 6.5% deceased at discharge, 22.1% with a diagnosis of hypothermia. The most frequently used thermoregulation method was that of an open thermo-bed, followed by a closed thermo-bed, and the least frequently used was a sterile sleeve in conjunction with one of the previous methods.