Características clínicas en pacientes con coinfección de virus de inmunodeficiencia humana/ tuberculosis en el Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo en los periodos 2017- 2019.

Abstract

Introduction: Infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is currently considered a health problem in Ecuador, at the end of 2019, around 39 million cases had been reported. In turn, the main opportunistic disease is tuberculosis, presenting an incidence of 500,000 cases in the last two years. HIV / TB coinfection is any HIV-positive patient with tuberculosis in an active or latent pattern. Objective: To know the clinical characterization of the patient due to HIV / Tuberculosis coinfection at the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Materials and methods: The research is an observational, retrospective, descriptive study in which data were obtained from the medical records from the AS400 system of the Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo in the years 2017-2019. Results: Our study included 128 TB / HIV patients. It was identified that 93.8% presented weight loss, 85.9% fever, productive cough with expectoration 93%, 5.5% hemoptysis. Other clinical characteristics were diarrhea in 48.4%, anemia in 17.2%, sleepiness in 4.7%. Only 1.6%, which corresponded to 2 patients, had no symptoms. Conclusion: It was found that the characterization of the patient in this study is male, with a mean age of 45 years. Among its main clinical symptoms were weight loss, cough and expectoration and fever with undetected viral load levels and CD4 levels greater than 200.