Evaluación de la condición física y capacidad funcional en pacientes con patologías respiratorias crónicas en el área de Neumología del Hospital General Guasmo Sur.

Abstract

Introduction: The World Health Organization (WHO) according to its 2017 database considers respiratory diseases as the third cause of death worldwide and reports that the number of deaths is approximately 3.9 million. Objective: To determine the physical condition and functional capacity in patients with chronic respiratory diseases in the Pneumology Area of the General Guasmo Sur Hospital. Material and methods: The scope of the research is observational, descriptive with a non-experimental and cross-sectional design. The instruments used for data collection were the Daniels muscle test, the Borg test, anthropometry, and pulse oximetry. The sample is made up of 86 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: The distribution by age and sex corresponds to 35-64 years with 43% in males and 42% in females. Tuberculosis with 37% was the most frequent chronic respiratory disease. With the Borg scale, dyspnea and muscle fatigue were evaluated, obtaining results between mild levels (0-3) in 48% for dyspnea and 59% for fatigue. In the Daniels test, the predominance of grade 3 is observed in the muscle groups, except in the hip, thigh and leg group, 2% within level 1. Conclusion: The development of a conditioning plan based on therapeutic bands is considered necessary to improve the physical functioning of patients with chronic respiratory diseases.