Diseño de un sistema de aguas servidas para la implementación de sistemas Wetland en comunidades de menos de 1000 habitantes.

Abstract

This bibliographic research was based on the search for alternative solutions for wastewater treatment in communities with less than 1,000 inhabitants. Therefore, the inquiry "Design of sewage system for the implementation of wetland systems in communities of less than 1000 inhabitants" was proposed. Therefore, an analysis was made of the research done on plants operated with this system, in terms of their efficiency, technical, design and economic aspects, as well as the review of implementation in other populations. Subsequently, a case study was proposed where 3 levels are implemented according to the literature researched, among them: pretreatment (inlet channel and grate), primary (septic tank) and secondary (artificial wetland). Efficiencies of 40% in BOD and 65% in TSS were obtained for the primary level and 56.94% in TSS, 78.99% in BOD, 63.71% in N, 56.94% in P and 90% in coliforms for the secondary treatment. Finally, it was concluded based on the efficiencies that the subsurface artificial wetland with horizontal flow together with the macrophyte Guadua Angustifolia Kunth is part of an alternative solution for the treatment of domestic wastewater in a settlement of less than 1000 inhabitants, and that this type of system is common in communities with low population density since it is more economically feasible for its construction and O&M.