Complicaciones del tratamiento conservador versus tratamiento quirúrgico de fracturas diafisarias de cúbito y radio en niños menores de 10 años. Hospital Alcívar. Período 2016 - 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: diaphyseal radius and ulna fractures are the third most frequent fracture in the pediatric population and represent 13-40% of all fractures. There are therapeutic alternatives, both conservative and surgical, which could present complications that prevent adequate consolidation of the fracture or functionally limit the forearm. Objective: To compare the complications of conservative treatment versus surgical treatment of diaphyseal fractures of the ulna and radius in children under 10 years of age. Methodology: a study with a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective approach that analyzed the medical records and radiological reports of 110 children under 10 years of age treated at the Alcivar Hospital in the period 2016-2020. Results: 81.2% of the children studied are between 6 and 10 years old, the peak age being 7 years, mostly (67.3%) male, and coming from urban areas, the main cause of fracture was the fall from its own height with 82% of cases, mostly with involvement of the radial bone, prevalence of the left side and in 50% of cases the fracture line was oblique, without associated skin and soft tissue injuries (96.4%). 42% of minors had surgical treatment, with a consolidation time of up to 8 weeks vs. 6 weeks of conservative treatment. 11.8% of patients had complications, these being more prevalent in children treated surgically compared to those treated conservatively (13% vs 10%). Conclusion: The percentage of complications in general is lower than that proposed in the hypothesis, the prevalence of complications is higher in children treated surgically, and no significant difference was found between the type of treatment performed and the presence or absence of complications, as well as the presence of satisfactory anatomo-functional results (p> 0.05).