Evaluación de lesiones musculoesqueléticas y factores de riesgo de miembro superior en músicos de la Orquesta Sinfónica de Guayaquil.

Abstract

Introduction: Musculoskeletal injuries are a work-related health problem. Professional musicians of the Guayaquil Symphony Orchestra are affected by repetitive movements that can generate alterations due to overload in the different structures of the musculoskeletal system. Objective: To determine the musculoskeletal injuries and risk factors in the upper limb of musicians of the Guayaquil Symphony Orchestra. Methodology: Quantitative, nonexperimental, transectional approach, with a prospective explanatory study scope. The sample consisted of 60 musicians who met the inclusion criteria. Clinical history, postural test, upper limb diagnostic tests and Ocra Check-List were used as evaluation instruments. Results: The predominant musculoskeletal injuries were Cervicalgia in 50%; Dorsalgia in 19% and Epicondylitis in 11%. On the other hand, the predominant postural alterations were elevated left shoulder in 51%, elevated right shoulder in 18% and with 12% dorsal kyphosis and slight scoliosis. Among the risk factors, forced posture represented 75%; and the frequency of rest 20%, according to the evaluations of the OCRA test indicators, which reflects a high level, not acceptable, which has repercussions on the presence of musculoskeletal injuries in upper limbs in the musicians of the Guayaquil Symphony Orchestra. Conclusions: The musicians evaluated show a high rate of musculoskeletal injuries due to repetitive movements, inadequate or static postures and forced movements. Adequate training and specialized medical supervision are recommended.