Diagnóstico clínico y terapéutica en el paciente con hiperplasia epitelial focal.

Abstract

Introduction: Focal epithelial hyperplasia is a disorder related 90% of the time to the human papillomavirus serotype 13 and 32. Itis a rare disease that occurs very frequently in boys and adolescents with a predominance in girls. It is unknown what its origin is or factors that predispose it, but it is believed that it is due to poor oral hygiene, deficient nutrition, avitaminosis, scarce economic resources, immunosuppression or some irritative stimulus due to repeated repetition. Objective: To explain and evaluate the clinical characteristics and therapeutic methods in the patient with focal epithelial hyperplasia. Materials and methods: A sample of 30 articles was chosen from which we obtained a total of 41 patients in which the following variables were analyzed: sex, age, country of origin, HPV serotype, location of the pathology, clinical characteristics of the lesion where the sign, pain, color, consistency, base and treatment were analyzed. Results: In the present study, a total of 41 patients with focal epithelial hyperplasia were registered, of which 23 (56.1%) were female and 18 (43.9%) were male. The most frequent typing according to this report was serotype 13 – 32. Regarding clinical characteristics, this study shows that multiple papules are the most frequent sign with 78% and that it also does not present symptoms in 75% of cases. The most frequent treatment in this study is cryotherapy with 11 cases. Conclusion: Focal epithelial hyperplasia occurs more frequently in children from 5 to 18 years old, with greater predisposition in the female gender, however it can also occur in adults. It is presented with a higher index in countries with low economic resources. Although it has not been shown which is the most effective treatment, there are several reports that reflect that cryotherapy is the treatment of choice.