Características clínicas del infarto agudo de miocardio en pacientes que acuden al área de emergencias del Hospital General Monte Sinaí durante el año 2021.

Abstract

Acute myocardial infarction is one of the causes of high mortality in the population. A characterization study of acute myocardial infarction is carried out. Objective: Explain the clinical characterization of AMI. Design: quantitative, descriptive, prospective, crosssectional cohort study. Technique: indirect observation. Instrument: indirect observation guide. Results: Population: 117 cases diagnosed with AMI treated in the emergency area. Characteristics of the population: Sex: 58.12% men and 41.88% women. Age: from 60 to 70 years old, 58.97%, 41.04% from 71 to 83 years old. Ethnicity: 78% mestizo, 16% AfroEcuadorian, 6% white. Family pathological history: 11.11%. Risk factors: 11.97% smoking, 14.53% sedentary lifestyle, 9.40% high blood pressure; 8.55% drugs; 17.09% dyslipidemias; 11.11% APF; 13.68% alcoholism. Clinical diagnosis: 71% precordial pain. Electrocardiographic diagnosis: 100% of the population was diagnosed by ECG, of which 91% without ST-segment elevation, and 9% with ST-segment elevation. Diagnosis with biomarkers: 77% Troponins I, 6% myoglobins, 17% phosphokinase (CPK). Manifestations: 71% precordial pain, 23% nausea, 34% hypotension. Complications: 7% mitral regurgitation, 5% arrhythmias. Conclusion: risk factors, precordial pain and diagnosis with ECG and complementary tests with cardiac biomarkers are the main characteristics of AMI.