Prevalencia del virus sincitial respiratorio en menores de 5 años de edad, atendidos en el Hospital de niños Dr. Roberto Gilbert Elizalde desde el año 2020.

Abstract

Respiratory Syncytial Virus is exceptionally contagious, being able to remain alive for up to 7 hours on non-permeable surfaces. It spreads with the oral secretions of affected people through direct contact or through saliva droplets. Objective: To determine the prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus in children under 5 years of age, treated at the Roberto Gilbert Elizalde Hospital since 2020. Design: descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional, retrospective. Population: 1,011 patients under 5 years of age who have been treated at the Roberto Gilbert Hospital since 2020. Technique: Indirect observation. Instrument: Indirect observation matrix. Results: Patients aged 0 to 1 years (54%); men (57%); urban residence (65%); family pathological history of type 1 diabetes (37%); with a hospital stay of 5 to 8 days (47%); received breastfeeding (54%); preterm delivery (64%); weight less than 1500grs (78%); height greater than 53cm (94%); Apgar from 4 to 6 (%); with clinical manifestation of respiratory distress (43%), tachypneas (19%); received oxygen therapy as treatment (45%). Conclusion: The highest prevalence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus is recorded in the months of February and March 2020 and 2021; minors do not receive a diet that provides the necessary nutrients for their development, presenting a size and weight not according to their age; in this way they are vulnerable to contracting this type of infection; therefore, it is necessary to guide mothers on the importance of nutrition and care for the prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus.