Diseño de una estrategia educativa para la prevención de la hipertensión arterial en adultos jóvenes. Consultorio Nº 1. Centro de Salud Balao. Año 2021.

Abstract

Background: Arterial Hypertension (HTN) is the most common disease that affects the health of individuals and populations in all parts of the world. In Ecuador, it ranks fourth in mortality from known diseases according to data from the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses in 2014. Methods: a descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study was carried out, it was constituted by 90 non-hypertensive adults from the clinic No1 of the Center Balao Health 2021. A survey prepared by the author was applied. Which included three components: sociodemographic variables, level of knowledge about arterial hypertension, identifying risk factors, components of the design of the educational strategy. Results: It was evidenced that the age group that predominated was 30- 34 years with 27.8% female. 51.1% with secondary schooling level. 55.6% civil status free union. 80.0% mestizo and 13.3% white. The lack of knowledge about complications of arterial hypertension was 53.3%, inadequate physical activity 67.8%, inadequate salt consumption 65.6%, inadequate nutritional habits 60.0%, no cigarette consumption 64.4%. The strategy was formed by biweekly talks in the health center, 30 minutes long, in the afternoon, a group of 11 to 20 people. Conclusions: Young adults do not have knowledge of how to prevent arterial hypertension, especially in the risk factors that cause it, nor its complications, it is necessary to carry out educational strategies that raise the level of knowledge and adapt healthy lifestyles to prevent this disease.