Diseño de una estrategia educativa para la prevención de la hipertensión arterial en adultos de 20 a 39 años. Consultorio 18 del Centro de Salud Pascuales. Año 2021.

Abstract

Background: Hypertension (HTN) in the adult population constitutes a health problem, both because of its high frequency, because of the consequences and disabilities it causes, as well as because of its impact on morbidity and mortality. In addition, this disease is closely related to an unhealthy diet, smoking, sedentary lifestyle and the harmful use of alcohol, these risk factors are a global health problem. Methods: An observational, prospective, crosssectional, descriptive study was carried out. The universe consisted of 111 non-hypertensive adults between 20 and 39 years of age from office 18 of the Pascuales health center in 2021. A survey was applied, prepared by the researcher to evaluate the level of knowledge about risk factors for arterial hypertension and design an educational strategy. Results: The predominant sex was female 86 women (77.47%), aged 20-24 years (33.3%), finished high school (50.5%), free union (53.2%), mixed race (72.1%), housewife (49.5%), adequate income (70.3%), the level of knowledge about risk factors for hypertension was (51.4%) do not know and if they know ( 48.6%), a history of obesity (19.8%), a family history of arterial hypertension (29.7%), inadequate eating habits (82%), adequate salt intake (70.3%), 86, 5% do not consume cigarettes, adequate alcohol consumption (88.3%), inadequate physical activity (82%), overweight (40.5%), talks (60.4%), once a week (68.5 %), 30 minutes long (58.6%) and 5 to 9 participants (75.7%). Conclusions: The female sex of finished high school education, civil status free union, of mixed race, housewife with a low level of knowledge about hypertension risk factors, with obesity, a family history of arterial hypertension, inappropriate eating habits and physical activity predominate, the educational strategy was made up of talks, once a week lasting 30 minutes and from 5 to 9 participants.