Diseño de una estrategia educativa para mejorar la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico de la hipertensión arterial en adultos de 20 a 64 años. Consultorio N º 5. Centro de Salud N º4. Guayaquil, 2021.

Abstract

Background: High blood pressure (HT) is a frequent disease that affects more than a third of the adult population and constitutes one of the main problems that affects public health; advances in the world and the number of people who are affected in their quality of life by this syndrome considered the most frequent chronic disease in adults, frequently associated with functional and metabolic disorders with a consequent increased risk for fatal and non- fatal cardiovascular problems. Therapeutic adherence defined as the degree to which a person's behavior, taking medications, following a diet, and executing lifestyle changes corresponds to the agreed recommendations of a healthcare provider. For this reason, it seeks to intensify and develop strategies and instruments to facilitate the development of activities of early detection, permanent control and achieve good therapeutic adherence that increases the quality of life of people suffering from high blood pressure. Methods: Descriptive and cross-sectional study of a population between 20 and 64 years of age with hypertensive patients treated at Health Center No. 4 (MSP), office No. 5. Demographic variables, knowledge of the disease and adherence to treatment. All participants signed informed consent. Results: The highest percentage of the hypertensive population is in the age groups of 35 and 39 years in 26.4%. Ethnic group corresponded to mestizos in 92.7%. A predominance of free union with 35.5%. People with secondary education level in 53.6%. 75.5% with partial adherence to therapy, and 20% with total adherence In 75.5% there was evidence of ignorance about hypertension, its complications and benefits of maintaining healthy habits. Conclusions: The population presented family support to improve therapeutic adherence, the same that mostly receive monotherapy, and acquired it free of charge by the MSP. The design of the educational intervention strategy was made up of 4 sessions, which will be held 1 time per month, with a duration of 30 minutes, in the afternoon, in groups of 11 to 20 people, in the Centro de Salud No. 4.