Estado funcional como factor asociado a morbimortalidad en pacientes oncológicos admitidos a la unidad de cuidados intensivos del hospital SOLCA en el periodo de diciembre del año 2020 a julio 2021.

Abstract

Background: cancer is one of the most devastating diseases nowadays. Even though the overall survival of oncologic patients has improved over the years in developed countries, Ecuador and other Latin American countries represent the third continent with the highest mortality in oncologic diseases. This is the reason ICU admission of oncologic patients is more common than before and a tool to predict their outcomes during their hospitalization. Objective: to establish if the performance status (PS) of oncologic patients admitted to an ICU, measured with the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Scale (ECOG) is associated with a higher morbimortality. Methods: an observational, transversal, retrospective and analytical study of patients admitted to SOLCA’s ICU between December, 2020 and July, 2021. Results: The ECOG scale was divided into mild, moderate and severe for ECOG 0 – 1, ECOG 2 and ECOG 3 – 4, respectively. There were 200 patients in total: 71 (35.5%) with mild PS, 95 (47.5%) with a moderate PS and 34 (17.0%) with a severe PS. The mortality of oncologic patients admitted to the ICU was 29%. By analyzing the severe performance status, an odds ratio of 5.013 with CI of 1.571 – 15.944 (p = 0.006) was found. This shows a strong association between a poor performance status and ICU mortality. Conclusion: the ECOG scale is an useful and easy to apply tool that could be used to predict ICU mortality and could potentially be applied in hospitals and infirmaries around the country.