Lesión secundaria en traumatismo craneoencefálico moderado - severo con relación a la cinemática traumática en pacientes pediátricos 1 mes - 12 años, atendidos en el área emergencia del Hospital de Especialidades Francisco Icaza Bustamante entre los años 2018 – 2020.

Abstract

Introduction: Brain injury represents represents a global health problem in the child population considered one of the main causes of death and disability, leading to complications such as sequelae or neurological problems that depend on the age of the patient and the kinematics of the trauma because it would be related to the magnitude of the injury. Associated with several distinctive characteristics that differ from adults and are attributable to age-related anatomical and physiological differences, since critical brain development occurs during childhood. Objective: To determine the relationship between secondary injury in moderate - severe head trauma and the mechanism of trauma in pediatric patients aged 1 month - 12 years, treated in the emergency area of the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital between the years 2018 - 2020. Materials and methods: The study has a cross-sectional and retrospective methodological design. A total of 156 pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury who attended the emergency area of the Icaza Bustamante Hospital in 2018 - 2020 were studied, of which 41 patients met the inclusion criteria such as: sex, age, mechanism of trauma and Glasgow. Results: During the period 2018 - 2020 at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital, the type of secondary injury after a traumatic brain injury was determined in pediatric patients, in children older than 2 years, traumatic brain injury due to falls were the most common in 63% of cases. the cases. In children under 2 years of age, falls occurred in 17% of cases. In this study, the mechanism of injury and the relationship between the secondary injury of the traumatic brain injury were determined, considering the Glasgow scale to classify the type of injury from moderate to severe used by hospital doctors.