Complicaciones neonatales en pacientes diagnosticadas con preeclampsia en el Hospital del Norte IESS Ceibos durante el periodo 2018 – 2020.

Abstract

Pre-eclampsia is one of the leading causes of both maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. This is defined as an increase in blood pressure that is accompanied by other manifestations during pregnancy. There are different neonatal complications that are triggered by Pre-eclampsia, among these are prematurity, low birth weight, neonatal depression and neonatal death. Materials and Methods: The present study consists of a cross-sectional, non-experimental, descriptive, retrospective investigative work with a quantitative analysis. Information was obtained from a database of the Hospital General del Norte IESS Los Ceibos of pregnant patients diagnosed with pre-eclampsia whose children had complications in the period 2018 - 2020. Results: A sample of 138 patients was obtained, of which 55.8% were products of mothers with mild Pre-eclampsia and 44.2% with severe Preeclampsia. Of these patients, 10.1% were very preterm infants, 26.1% moderate preterm infants, 50.7% late preterm infants, and 13% term infants. In terms of birth weight, 15.9% were adequate, 45.7% low weight, 36.2% very low weight, and 2.2% extremely low weight. Neonatal depression occurred in 38.4% of patients. Finally, mortality in this study was 18.1% of newborns. Conclusions: In this study, prematurity is the most common complication in newborns of preeclamptic mothers. Low birth weight is the most prevalent anthropometric characteristic and is associated with higher mortality in patients with neonatal depression.