Complicaciones por automedicación en pacientes pediátricos hospitalizados por dengue en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos.

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue is a virus belonging to the Flaviviridae family, which is transmitted by arthropods through the bite of the mosquitoes, its main vector is Aedes aegypti. In America since 2010 there has been an increase in the number of dengue cases of 4.6 times. In 2018, in Ecuador they presented by age group 16.67% between the ages of 5 to 9 years, another 16.67% between the ages of 10 to 14 years, 33.33%. Objective: Establish the relationship between self-medication and complications that lengthen the hospital stay in pediatric patients admitted to the Hospital IESS Los Ceibos. Methodology: For the development of the study, it was based on a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional and non-experimental cohort design in patients aged 0 to 14 years with positive laboratory results for dengue and the presence of warning signs. Results: In a sample of 66 patients, 50% of the cases had an age within the range between 10 and 14 years. The male sex was the most with 57.6%, according to the consumption of NSAIDs prior to hospitalization, 31.8% of the cases did report self medication. 93.9% of the cases evaluated presented leukopenia and thrombocytopenia concomitantly and 36.4% of the cases had a hospital stay of more than 5 days. Conclusion: Between 10 to 14 years and the male sex comprise the epidemiological factors most associated with the development of dengue. Self-medication with NSAIDs continues to be a practice that persists in certain cases and is associated with the development of complications and a prolongation of hospital stay, greater than 5 days.