Análisis de la prevalencia de cáncer de piel en pacientes policías del Hospital de la Policía Nacional G2 y su relación con la exposición solar en el periodo de enero del 2019 a diciembre del 2020.

Abstract

Skin cancer is the number one malignant tumor in the world, for which it is considered an important public health problem. It has a higher range of prevalence in the elderly population; however, in the last decade, the number of cases in young adults has increased. Several risk factors associated with the appearance of skin cancer are known. The most relevant for this research is the exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Especially in the population that, due to working conditions, are exposed to UV radiation for a longer time, making them a vulnerable group, in the case of Ecuadorian police officers. The objective of this study is to analyze the prevalence of skin cancer and its relationship with sun exposure in police patients at the “Hospital de la Policía Nacional G2”. A universe made up of a total of 3859 individuals was used who were attended during the period from January 2019 to December 2020. Patients who presented incomplete medical history were excluded, gave us a final sample of 236 individuals who met the study criteria. The present study is observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and analytical. The results obtained within this investigation show that 93% of the patients with a definitive diagnosis of skin cancer have a high level of sun exposure, for which it is put in evidence the direct relationship between them with a result of p<0,0001. Also, a higher incidence was shown in man with 54,4% been more common in the ages of 21 to 40 years with a 33,3%.