Complicaciones de la otitis media aguda en pacientes de 6 meses a 5 años de edad en el Hospital General IESS Ceibos durante el periodo 2019-2020.

Abstract

Introduction: acute otitis media (AOM) is defined as the inflammation of the mucosa surrounding the middle ear (tympanic cavity), associated with symptoms of acute infection, generating a purulent exudate that causes bulging of the tympanic membrane. Young children are more prone to acute and chronic OM due to anatomical predisposition. Materials and methods: Observational, retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study carried out in a random sample of 124 patients who, through the review of medical records in the HGNG-C, collected the data of the variables under study. Results: Of the complications presented, mastoiditis (n=36; 56.25%) was the most frequent, followed by labyrinthitis (n=17; 26.56%). The etiological agent that originated the most cases of mastoiditis was the respiratory syncytial virus (n=15; 41.66%). The main factor for the development of complications was nurseries (OR: 4.14, CI: 1.91 to 8.94, p-value: 0.000) and the prevalence of recurrence was higher in 3 to 5 years (n =5;25%). Conclusion: Intratemporal/exocranial complications (AM and labyrinthitis) were the most frequent and prominent, compared to intracranial/endocranial complications.