Uso de betametasona antenatal en gestantes adolescentes atendidas por parto pretérmino como preventivo del síndrome de distrés respiratorio neonatal. Hospital General Guasmo Sur 2018-2020.

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of antenatal betamethasone in the prevention of respiratory distress syndrome type 1 in pregnant adolescents with preterm birth treated at the Guasmo Sur General Hospital 2018-2020. Method: A descriptive, observational, and retrospective investigation was carried out that included all preterm newborns of adolescent pregnant women who received pulmonary maturation during the 2018-2020 period, attended by the neonatology and gynecology and obstetrics service of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital. Results: The average maternal age for preterm birth was 16 years. Antenatal lung maturation therapy was given to 31.8% of the population and 68.2% did not receive antenatal therapy. When analyzing the relationship between the development of SDRN 1 and the use or not of betamethasone, it was found that 18% of those who received pulmonary maturation developed the syndrome and 82% did not develop the disease, in contrast to the neonates who did not receive antenatal therapy, of which 62.62% developed the syndrome and 37.38% were not diagnosed. Conclusions: The rate of neonates who received antenatal pulmonary maturation with betamethasone was 31.8% and 62.62% of the population developed the disease. With the results obtained, it was found that there is clinical importance of the use of betamethasone in the prevention of SDRN 1.