Prevalencia de ictericia neonatal en pacientes prematuros tratados en el área de terapia intensiva de neonatología del Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos, durante el año 2018 a 2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Neonatal jaundice is very common in newborns, it can be of physiological or pathological origin and can lead to acute or chronic complications such as chronic hyperbilirubinemia and in extreme cases, it can cause the death of the newborn, and for this reason, timely diagnosis is key in the pathology. Objective: To determine the prevalence of neonatal jaundice in premature patients treated in the neonatology intensive care area of the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos during the period 2018 to 2021. Materials and methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out; taking as source of information the database of premature patients with neonatal jaundice treated at the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos, through the review of medical records to build the database. The universe was made up of 8,973 medical records, from which 104 medical records were taken as a sample, and included based on the inclusion criteria. Frequency and percentage for descriptive statistical analysis was used. Results: The prevalence of neonatal jaundice in premature patients treated in the neonatology intensive care area of the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos during the period 2018 to 2021 is 10.30%, of which the late premature were the most affected with a total of 74 patients (71.2%). Conclusion: The mortality of premature infants with jaundice admitted to the neonatal intensive care area was 6.7%, with the highest number of deaths appearing in very preterm and extremely preterm infants.