Prevalencia de multirresistencia antimicrobiana en urocultivos en pacientes adultos hospitalizados en la UCI del HGNG Los Ceibos durante el periodo 2020-2021.

Abstract

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is a global health problem that is present on the intra and extrahospital level, especially on patients hospitalized on the ICU. For common bacterial infections such as urinary tract infections it has been possible to observe, around the world, high rates of antibiotic resistance against the most used antibiotics on treatments. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of adult patients hospitalized in the ICU of the “Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos” with positive urine cultures that present antimicrobial multiresistance during the 2019-2020 period. Materials and Methods: We carried out an observational, descriptive, retrospective and transversal study which included 115 patients with positive urine culture hospitalized on the ICU of the “Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos” during the years 2019 and 2020. Results: The most frequently isolated microorganism was E. coli (44%) and the antibiotic against which was found the major rate of resistance was ciprofloxacin (40%). Conclusions: E. coli was the most frequently isolated germ on urine cultures, followed by K. pneumoniae, and the major rate of resistance was found against ciprofloxacin. Also, there were found risk factors associated such as femenine sex, age between 65 and 88 years, hospitalization days between 7 and 15 days, urinary tract instrumentation and diabetes mellitus type II. Finally, other important factors analyzed in the present study were the complications that the ICU patients with bacterial multi resistance presented, being the most frequent: sepsis, septic shock, acute kidney failure and the association between both septic shock and AKF.