Complicaciones de fracturas expuestas de tibia y peroné en pacientes de 20 a 50 años, en el Hospital de la Policía desde el 1 de enero del 2019 al 31 de diciembre del 2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Despite the existence, in first world and third world countries, of several scientific studies carried out on open fractures, in Ecuador there are still shortcomings in the investigation of these pathologies and in the care of these patients. Methodology: A retrospective, descriptive study was designed. Objectives: To know the complications of open fractures of the tibia and fibula, to identify the risk factors in patients aged 20 to 50 years at the Police Hospital, in the period from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2021. Results: Of the 123 patients studied, 86% were male and 14% female. The most frequently affected age is the range between 20-29 years, only 21% reported morbidities. 45% breaked in a traffic accident. The 27% presented infection as complication. Conclusion: The majority of patients who present open fracture of the tibia or fibula belong to the male sex. The age group that is most affected by this diagnosis corresponds to the age range, between 20 to 29 years. The majority of open leg fractures correspond to fractures of the tibia. According to Gustilo's classification, the majority type of injury is IIIA and the least frequent are III B and III C. The most prevalent complications are: infection and compartment syndrome. The most widely indicated antibiotic regimen as infection prophylaxis in open fractures was cephalosporin plus aminoglycosides. The average hospital stay is 14 days.