Prevalencia de vitiligo en pacientes con hipotiroidismo atendidos en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos durante el periodo 2017 al 2021.

Abstract

Introduction: Vitiligo is characterized by acquired hypomelanosis, caused by the lysis of melanocytes, hypothyroidism is caused by the decrease in thyroid hormones, they are autoimmune, so they can coexist with each other, their study being important. Objective: To identify the relationship between vitiligo and hypothyroidism in patients treated at the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos during the period 2017 to 2021 through the statistical study of medical records. Materials and methods: The study design was observational, retrospective, cross-sectional, descriptive, where a sample of 357 patients was included. The established inclusion criteria were: Patients with vitiligo and hypothyroidism, treated at the HGNGC, during the period 2017 to 2021 and patients with complete medical records. Results: It was found that there is a prevalence of 14.93% between the association of vitiligo and hypothyroidism, predominantly female with 81.23%, in an age range of 2 to 25 years where a percentage greater than 50% was obtained, in addition, the most frequent type of vitiligo associated with hypothyroidism is generalized with 7.76% and as for the most frequent type of hypothyroidism, it was primary with 50.90%. The risk factor with the highest prevalence was arterial hypertension with 28.1%, which was not statistically significant. Conclusion: In patients with vitiligo, it is important to perform thyroid profile tests to obtain a timely diagnosis of hypothyroidism, due to the prevalence that exists between both pathologies.